Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis

Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis is an inherited form of periodic paralysis in which the serum potassium concentration is elevated during attacks. Unlike other forms of periodic paralysis (such as familial periodic paralysis and thyrotoxic periodic paralysis), hyperkalemic periodic paralysis is not associated with low potassium in the bloodstream (serum potassium). In fact, there may be normal or high levels of potassium in the bloodstream during and between attacks.

Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis caused by inheritance of defective genes. The gene for hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis affects virtually all who inherit it, with no difference in male-vs.-female expression. The normal gene is responsible for a muscle protein controlling the flow of sodium during muscle contracti

The disorder involves attacks of muscle weakness or paralysis, alternating with periods of normal muscle function. Attacks usually begin in early childhood. Multiple daily attacks are not uncommon.
Attacks typically last only 1 to 2 hours, but can sometimes last as long as a day. They tend to occur while resting after exercise or exertion. Attacks may also be triggerd by cold expsoure or eating small amounts of potassium.

Attacks of Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis may be prevented with frequent small meals high in carbohydrates, and the avoidance of foods high in potassium such as orange juice or bananas. Acetazolamide or thiazide (a diuretic) may be prescribed.